Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales — the level of atoms and subatomic particles. It’s a fundamental theory in physics that explains how the universe works on these tiny scales, where the rules of classical mechanics (like Newton's laws) no longer apply. Here are the key concepts that provide a basic understanding of quantum mechanics: 1. Wave-Particle Duality In quantum mechanics, particles such as electrons and photons (light particles) can exhibit both particle-like and wave-like behavior. This is called wave-particle duality. For instance, in the famous double-slit experiment , electrons can behave like waves, creating interference patterns when not observed, but act like particles when measured. 2. Quantization Certain properties, like energy, are not continuous but come in discrete units, or "quanta." For example, an electron in an atom can only occupy specific energy levels, and when i
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